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| Model Assembled by Papermau |
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| Statue of Bertrand du Guesclin in Dinan |
Bertrand du Guesclin (c.
1320 – 13 July
1380), known as the
Eagle of Brittany or the
Black Dog of Brocéliande, was a
Breton knight and
French military commander during the
Hundred Years' War. He was
Constable of France from 1370 to his death. Well known for his Fabian strategy, he took part in six pitched battles and won the four in which he held command.
Bertrand du Guesclin was born at the
Chateau de la Motte de Broen in Broons, near
Dinan, in Brittany. His family was of minor
Breton nobility, the
seigneurs of Broons...He initially served
Charles of Blois in the
Breton War of Succession (1341-1364).
Charles was supported by the
French crown, while his rival,
Jean de Montfort, was allied with
England. Du Guesclin was knighted in
1354 while serving
Arnoul d'Audrehem, after countering a raid by
Hugh Calveley on the
Castle of Montmuran...On
September 29, 1364, at the
Battle of Auray, Charles of Blois were heavily defeated by
John V, Duke of Brittany and the
English forces under
Sir John Chandos. Charles was killed in action, ending the
Blois pretensions in
Brittany. Despite an heroic resistance,
Du Guesclin was captured and ransomed by
Charles V for
100,000 francs...War with
England was renewed in
1369, and
Du Guesclin was recalled from
Castile in
1370 by Charles V, who had decided to make him
Constable of France, the country's chief military leader. By tradition this post was always given to a great nobleman, not to someone like the comparatively low-born
Du Guesclin, but
Charles needed someone who was an outstanding professional soldier. In practice
du Guesclin had continual difficulties in getting aristocratic leaders to serve under him, and the core of his armies were always his personal retinue...
Du Guesclin pursued the
English into
Brittany from
1370 to 1374, and defeated again the
English army at the
Battle of Chizé in 1373...He disapproved of the confiscation of
Brittany by Charles V in
1378, and his campaign to make the duchy submit to the king was halfhearted...An able tactician and a loyal and disciplined warrior,
Du Guesclin had reconquered much of
France from the
English when he died of illness at
Chateauneuf-de-Randon while on a military expedition in
Languedoc in 1380. He was buried at
Saint-Denis in the
tomb of the Kings of France. His
heart is kept at the
basilica of Saint-Sauveur at Dinan. -
Wikipedia
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Death of Bertrand du Guesclin,
by Jean Fouquet |
Bertrand du Guesclin, Condestável da França, nasceu por volta de
1315 a 1320 em
La Motte-Broons, perto de
Dinan (costas do
Norte, Bretanha). Cavaleiro valente e notável militar, organizou campanhas de desgaste, numa guerra de atrito que levou à expulsão dos
ingleses duma boa parte da
França durante a
Guerra dos Cem Anos. Em
1341 entrou para o serviço de
Carlos de Blois, duque da
Bretanha, combatendo os invasores
ingleses. Em
1354 é armado cavaleiro. Dois anos depois, defendeu a cidade de
Rennes do assalto do duque de
Lancaster, mantendo-a até às tréguas de
Bordéus, assinadas em junho de
1357. Mais tarde,
du Guesclin ou, como era conhecido, a
Águia da Bretanha, serviu
Carlos V da França, que lhe concedeu o cargo de lugar-tenente da
Normandia e o título de
conde de Longueville. Na
Batalha de Auray (1364) caiu prisioneiro dos
ingleses, sendo posteriormente libertado com o pagamento de um resgate. Em seguida, reuniu um forte contingente de mercenários com os quais seguiu para
Espanha em
1367, integrando a hoste de
Henrique de Trastâmara nas lutas entre este e o seu meio-irmão
Pedro, o Cruel, rei de
Castela. Apesar de
Pedro ter conseguido inicialmente importantes vitórias com o auxílio inglês,
du Guesclin, em
1369, teria garantido, em última análise, o trono a
Henrique II. Em
1370 foi nomeado
Condestável de França por
Carlos V e, até à sua morte, empenhou-se em expulsar os
ingleses e colocar o
ducado da Bretanha sob a autoridade do seu rei. Morreu em
1380, em
Châteauneuf-du-Randon (Lozère). -
Wikipedia
Link: Bertrand.du.Guesclin.The.Eagle.of.Brittany.by.Zio.Prudenzio
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