Awesome model of an
American astronaut, by
Indonesian designer
Julius Perdana, from
Paper Replika.
Incrível modelo de um
astronauta americano, do designer indonésio
Julius Perdana, do site
Paper Replika.
 |
Yuri Gagarin, first human
in space (1961) |
An astronaut or cosmonaut is a person trained by a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft. While generally reserved for professional space travelers, the terms are sometimes applied to anyone who travels into space, including scientists, politicians, journalists, and tourists.
Until 2002,
astronauts were sponsored and trained exclusively by governments, either by the military, or by civilian space agencies. With the sub-orbital flight of the privately-funded
SpaceShipOne in
2004, a new category of
astronaut was created: the commercial astronaut. With the rise of space tourism,
NASA and the
Russian Federal Space Agency agreed to use the term
"spaceflight participant" to distinguish those space travelers from professional astronauts on missions coordinated by those two agencies. While no nation other than
Russia (formerly the
Soviet Union), the
United States, and
China has launched a manned spacecraft, several other nations have sent people into space in cooperation with one of these countries. Inspired partly by these missions, other synonyms for
astronaut have entered occasional
English usage. For example, the term
spationaut (French spelling: spationaute) is sometimes used to describe
French space travelers, from the
Latin word
spatium or
space, and the
Malay term
angkasawan was used to describe participants in the
Angkasawan program. In
Hungary the word describing
astronauts is
űrhajós (from űr meaning
"space" and hajós meaning
"sailor"). -
Wikipedia
 |
Neil Armstrong,
first person to walk on
the moon (1969). |
Astronauta ou cosmonauta é uma pessoa treinada para uma viagem espacial, seja para comandar, pilotar, servir como membro da tripulação de uma nave espacial ou desempenhando atividades extraveiculares. Tecnicamente considera-se
astronauta todo aquele que empreenda vôo sub-orbital (vôo balístico, sem entrar em órbita) ou orbital de no mínimo 100 km de altitude (considerado o limite externo da atmosfera). Embora geralmente reservado para os profissionais viajantes, por vezes o termo é aplicado a qualquer pessoa que viaja no espaço, incluindo cientistas, políticos, jornalistas e turistas. Embora nenhuma nação, com exceção da
Rússia (ex-
União Soviética), os
EUA e a China, tenham lançado uma nave espacial tripulada, várias outras nações enviaram pessoas para o espaço com colaboração de um destes países. Inspirado por estas missões extraterrestres, outros sinônimos para
"viajantes espaciais" surgiram. Entre eles, o termo
spationaut (ortografia inglesa) que, na ortografia da Língua
francesa, fica
spationaute. Este termo é utilizado para descrever viajantes espaciais
franceses, a partir da palavra latina
spatium, que significa espaço. Outro exemplo é o termo
angkasawan utilizado pelos
malaios, muito usado para descrever os participantes do
Programa Espacial Angkasawan. -
Wikipedia
 |
| The Real Thing |
Link: Astromaut.Paper.Model.by.Julius.Perdana.Paper.Replika
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A shuttlecraft, in the Star Trek fictional universe, is a smaller type of ship, usually capable of atmospheric transport, detachable from a larger starship's shuttlebay. Its role on starships is analogous to the use of naval helicopters on modern warships of the present day, as shuttlecraft often possess their own weapons and intelligence capabilities, and undertake a variety of missions—such as scouting/reconnaissance, search & rescue operations, and on a few rare occasions to fly ahead of the mother ship to provide forward navigational sensory data, map a safe flight path, and to provide course corrections to the mother ship. Most starships have shuttle bays for the launching and docking of shuttles as well as to serve as vehicle hangars, similar to the way large naval ships are often equipped with helicopter pads and aircraft hangars. - Wikipedia
